Rights of Neighbors (Ahadith 1954 – 1955)

Bismillah.

Ahadith 1948 – 1949 (below) are repeats. Read the post here.

Volume 3, Book 35, Number 453 :
Narrated by ‘Aisha (radiallaahu `anhaa)
Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) bought some foodstuff (barley) from a Jew on credit and mortgaged his iron armor to him (the armor stands for a guarantor).

Volume 3, Book 35, Number 454 :
Narrated by Al-A’mash
We argued at Ibrahim’s dwelling place about mortgaging in Salam. He said, “Aisha (radiallaahu `anhaa) said, ‘The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) bought some foodstuff from a Jew on credit and the payment was to be made by a definite period, and he mortgaged his iron armor to him.”

Ahadith no. 1950 – 1951 (below) are also repeats. Read the post here.

Volume 3, Book 35, Number 455 :
Narrated by Ibn ‘Abbas (radiallaahu `anhu)
The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) came to Medina and the people used to pay in advance the prices of fruits to be delivered within two to three years. The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said (to them), “Buy fruits by paying their prices in advance on condition that the fruits are to be delivered to you according to a fixed specified measure within a fixed specified period.” Ibn Najih said, ” … by specified measure and specified weight.”

Volume 3, Book 35, Number 456 :
Narrated by Muhammad bin Abi Al-Mujalid
Abu Burda and ‘Abdullah bin Shaddad sent me to ‘Abdur Rahman bin Abza and ‘Abdullah bin Abi Aufa (radiallaahu `anhumaa) to ask them about the Salaf (Salam). They said, “We used to get war booty while we were with Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) and when the peasants of Sham came to us we used to pay them in advance for wheat, barley, and oil to be delivered within a fixed period.” I asked them, “Did the peasants own standing crops or not?” They replied, “We never asked them about it.”

Hadith no. 1952 (below) is a repeat too. Read it here.

Volume 3, Book 35, Number 457 :
Narrated by ‘Abdullah (radiallaahu `anhu)
The people used to sell camels on the basis of Habal-al-Habala. The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) forbade such sale. Nafi’ explained Habalal-Habala by saying. “The camel is to be delivered to the buyer after the she-camel gives birth.”

Book of “Paying in Advance” [Kitaab-us-Salam] ends here.

Kitaab-ush-Shuf`ah [Book of Preemption] starts here.

Hadith no. 1953 (below) is a repeat yet again. Read it here.

Volume 3, Book 35, Number 458 :
Narrated by Jabir bin ‘Abdullah (radiallaahu `anhu)
Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) gave a verdict regarding Shuf’a in every undivided joint thing (property). But if the limits are defined (or demarcated) or the ways and streets are fixed, then there is no pre-emption.

Today’s Ahadith:

Volume 3, Book 35, Number 459 :
Narrated by ‘Amr bin Ash-Sharid
While I was standing with Sad bin Abi Waqqas (radiallaahu `anhu), Al-Miswar bin Makhrama came and put his hand on my shoulder. Meanwhile Abu Rafi’, the freed slave of the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) came and asked Sad to buy from him the (two) dwellings which were in his house. Sad said, “By Allah I will not buy them.” Al-Miswar said, “By Allah, you shall buy them.” Sad replied, “By Allah, I will not pay more than four thousand (Dirhams) by installments.” Abu Rafi’ said, “I have been offered five hundred Dinars (for it) and had I not heard the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) saying, ‘The neighbor has more right than anyone else because of his nearness, I would not give them to you for four-thousand (Dirhams) while I am offered five-hundred Dinars (one Dinar equals ten Dirhams) for them.” So, he sold it to Sad.

Volume 3, Book 35, Number 460 :
Narrated by Aisha (radiallaahu `anhaa)
I said, “O Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam)! I have two neighbors and would like to know to which of them I should give presents.” He replied, “To the one whose door is nearer to you.”

Islam pays attention to the issue of neighbours, whether they are Muslim or not, because of the interests served by that in making the nation like one body. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: ‘Jibreel kept on enjoining the good treatment of neighbours to the extent that I thought that he would include neighbours as heirs.” (Agreed upon. Narrated by Muslim, 2625)

Among the rights of one neighbour over another as affirmed by Islam are the initiation of greetings, visiting him if he is sick, offering condolences if calamity befalls him, congratulating him at times of joy, overlooking his mistakes, concealing his faults, bearing his annoyance with patience, giving him gifts, lending him money if he needs it, lowering one’s gaze from looking at his womenfolk, and guiding him to that which will benefit him in his religious and worldly affairs. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said:

“The best of companions with Allaah is the one who is best to his companion, and the best of neighbours with Him is the one who is best to his neighbour.”(Narrated by al-Bukhaari in al-Adab al-Mufrad, 115)

Concerning neighbours’ rights, Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):

“Worship Allaah and join none with Him (in worship); and do good to parents, kinsfolk, orphans, Al-Masaakeen (the poor), the neighbour who is near of kin, the neighbour who is a stranger, the companion by your side…”[al-Nisaa’ 4:36]

Islam warns against annoying one’s neighbours or treating them badly. The Messenger (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) explained that this would lead to being deprived of Paradise: “He will not enter Paradise from whose harm his neighbour is not safe.” (Agreed upon. Narrated by Muslim, 64).

Can you think of more rights of neighbors in Islam? Do share!

Kitaab-ush-Shuf`ah [Book of Preemption] ends here.

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