Book of the Fallen Lost Thing [Luqtah] (Ahadith 2105 – 2116)

Bismillah.

Ahadith 2094 – 2104 (below) are repeats. Related posts have been linked (see hyper-linked text).

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 597:
Narrated Ibn ‘Umar (radiallaahu `anhu):
A man was often cheated in buying. The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said to him, “When you buy something, say (to the seller), No cheating.” The man used to say so thenceforward .

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 598:
Narrated Jabir (radiallaahu `anhu):
A man manumitted a slave and he had no other property than that, so the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) cancelled the manumission (and sold the slave for him). No’aim bin Al-Nahham bought the slave from him.

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 599:
Narrated ‘Abdullah bin Mas’ud (radiallaahu `anhu):
Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said, “Whoever takes a false oath so as to take the property of a Muslim (illegally) will meet Allah while He will be angry with him.” Al-Ash’ath (radiallaahu `anhu) said: By Allah, that saying concerned me. I had common land with a Jew, and the Jew later on denied my ownership, so I took him to the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) who asked me whether I had a proof of my ownership. When I replied in the negative, the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) asked the Jew to take an oath. I said, “O Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam)! He will take an oath and deprive me of my property.” So, Allah revealed the following verse: “Verily! Those who purchase a little gain at the cost of Allah’s covenant and their oaths.” (3.77)

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 600:
Narrated ‘Abdullah bin Ka’b bin Malik:
Ka’b (radiallaahu `anhu) demanded his debt back from Ibn Abi Hadrad in the Mosque and their voices grew louder till Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) heard them while he was in his house. He came out to them raising the curtain of his room and addressed Ka’b, “O Ka’b!” Ka’b (radiallaahu `anhu) replied, “Labaik, O Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam).” (He said to him), “Reduce your debt to one half,” gesturing with his hand. Ka’b (radiallaahu `anhu) said, “I have done so, O Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam)!” On that the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said to Ibn Abi Hadrad, “Get up and repay the debt, to him.”

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 601:
Narrated ‘Umar bin Al-Khattab (radiallaahu `anhu):
I heard Hisham bin Hakim bin Hizam (radiallaahu `anhu) reciting Surat-al-Furqan in a way different to that of mine. Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) had taught it to me (in a different way). So, I was about to quarrel with him (during the prayer) but I waited till he finished, then I tied his garment round his neck and seized him by it and brought him to Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) and said, “I have heard him reciting Surat-al-Furqan in a way different to the way you taught it to me.” The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) ordered me to release him and asked Hisham to recite it. When he recited it, Allah s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said, “It was revealed in this way.” He then asked me to recite it. When I recited it, he said, “It was revealed in this way. The Qur’an has been revealed in seven different ways, so recite it in the way that is easier for you.“

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 602:
Narrated Abu Huraira (radiallaahu `anhu):
The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said, “No doubt, I intended to order somebody to pronounce the Iqama of the (compulsory congregational) prayer and then I would go to the houses of those who do not attend the prayer and burn their houses over them.“

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 603:
Narrated Aisha (radiallaahu `anhaa):
Abu bin Zam’a and Sad bin Abi Waqqas (radiallaahu `anhumaa) carried the case of their claim of the (ownership) of the son of a slave-qirl of Zam’a before the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam). Sad (radiallaahu `anhu) said, “O Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam)! My brother, before his death, told me that when I would return (to Mecca), I should search for the son of the slave-girl of Zam’a and take him into my custody as he was his son.” ‘Abu bin Zam’a (radiallaahu `anhu) said, ‘the is my brother and the son of the slave-girl of my father, and was born or my father’s bed.” The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) noticed a resemblance between Utba and the boy but he said, “O ‘Abu bin Zam’a! You will get this boy, as the son goes to the owner of the bed. You, Sauda, screen yourself from the boy.”

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 604:
Narrated Abu Huraira (radiallaahu `anhu):
Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) sent horsemen to Najd and they arrested and brought a man called Thumama bin Uthal, the chief of Yamama, and they fastened him to one of the pillars of the Mosque. When Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) came up to him; he asked, “What have you to say, O Thumama?” He replied, “I have good news, O Muhammad!” Abu Huraira (radiallaahu `anhu) narrated the whole narration which ended with the order of the Prophet “Release him!”

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 605:
Narrated Abu Huraira (radiallaahu `anhu):
The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) sent some horsemen to Najd and they arrested and brought a man called Thumama bin Uthal from the tribe of Bani Hanifa, and they fastened him to one of the pillars of the Mosque.

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 606:
Narrated ‘Abdullah bin Ka’b bin Malik Al-Ansari from Ka’b bin Malik (radiallaahu `anhu):
That ‘Abdullah bin Abi Hadrad Al-Aslami owed him some debt. Ka’b (radiallaahu `anhu) met him and caught hold of him and they started talking and their voices grew loudest. The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) passed by them and addressed Ka’b (radiallaahu `anhu), pointing out to him to reduce the debt to one half. So, Ka’b (radiallaahu `anhu) got one half of the debt and exempted the debtor from the other half.

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 607:
Narrated Khabbab (radiallaahu `anhu):
I was a blacksmith In the Pre-lslamic period of ignorance, and ‘Asi bin Wail owed me some money. I went to him to demand it, but he said to me, “I will not pay you unless you reject faith in Muhammad.” I replied, “By Allah, I will never disbelieve Muhammad (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) till Allah let you die and then resurrect you.” He said, “Then wait till I die and come to life again, for then I will be given property and offspring and will pay your right.” So, thus revelation came: “Have you seen him who disbelieved in Our signs and yet says, ‘I will be given property and offspring?’ ” (19.77)

Kitaab-ul-Istiqraadh [Book of Loans and Bankruptcy] and sub-book Kitaab-ul-Khusoomaat [Book of Quarrels] ends here.

Kitaab-ul-Luqtah [Book of Lost Things Picked up by Someone] starts today..

Since most of the ahadith in this book are inter-related or repeats, I thought of doing them all together in one comprehensive post.

Volume 3, Book 42, Number 608:
Narrated Ubai bin Ka’b (radiallaahu `anhu):
I found a purse containing one hundred Dinars. So I went to the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) (and informed him about it), he said, “Make public announcement about it for one year” I did so, but nobody turned up to claim it, so I again went to the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) who said, “Make public announcement for another year.” I did, but none turned up to claim it. I went to him for the third time and he said, “Keep the container and the string which is used for its tying and count the money it contains and if its owner comes, give it to him; otherwise, utilize it.”
The sub-narrator Salama said, “I met him (Suwaid, another sub-narrator) in Mecca and he said, ‘I don’t know whether Ubai (radiallaahu `anhu) made the announcement for three years or just one year.’ “

Volume 3, Book 42, Number 609:
Narrated Zaid bin Khalid Al-Juhani:
A bedouin went to the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) and asked him about picking up a lost thing. The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said, “Make public announcement about it for one year. Remember the description of its container and the string with which it is tied; and if somebody comes and claims it and describes it correctly, (give it to him); otherwise, utilize it.” He said, “O Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam)! What about a lost sheep?” The Prophet said, “It is for you, for your brother (i.e. its owner), or for the wolf.” He further asked, “What about a lost camel?” On that the face of the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) became red (with anger) and said, “You have nothing to do with it, as it has its feet, its water reserve and can reach places of water and drink, and eat trees.”

Volume 3, Book 42, Number 610:
Narrated Sulaiman bin Bilal from Yahya:
Yazid Maula Al-Munba’ith heard Zaid bin Khalid al-Juham (radiallaahu `anhu) saying, “The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) was asked about Luqta. He said, ‘Remember the description of its container and the string it is tied with, and announce it publicly for one year.’ ” Yazid added, “If nobody claims then the person who has found it can spend it, and it is regarded as a trust entrusted to him.” Yahya said, “I do not know whether the last sentences were said by the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) or by Yazid.” Zaid further said, “The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) was asked, ‘What about a lost sheep?’ The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said, ‘Take it, for it is for you or for your brother (i.e. its owner) or for the wolf.” Yazid added that it should also be announced publicly. The man then asked the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) about a lost camel. The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said, “Leave it, as it has its feet, water container (reservoir), and it will reach a place of water and eat trees till its owner finds it.”

Volume 3, Book 42, Number 611:
Narrated Zaid bin Khalid (radiallaahu `anhu):
A man came and asked Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) about picking a lost thing. The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said, “Remember the description of its container and the string it is tied with, and make public announcement about it for one year. If the owner shows up, give it to him; otherwise, do whatever you like with it.” He then asked, “What about a lost sheep?” The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said, “It is for you, for your brother (i.e. its owner), or for the wolf.” He further asked, “What about a lost camel?” The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said, “It is none of your concern. It has its water-container (reservoir) and its feet, and it will reach water and drink it and eat the trees till its owner finds it.”

Volume 3, Book 42, Number 612:
Narrated Anas (radiallaahu `anhu):
The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) passed a date fallen on the way and said, “Were I not afraid that it may be from a Sadaqa (charitable gifts), I would have eaten it.”
Narrated Abu Huraira (radiallaahu `anhu): The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said, “Sometimes when I return home and find a date fallen on my bed, I pick it up in order to eat it, but I fear that it might be from a Sadaqa, so I throw it.”

Volume 3, Book 42, Number 613:
Narrated Abu Huraira (radiallaahu `anhu):
When Allah gave victory to His Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) over the people of Mecca, Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) stood up among the people and after glorifying Allah, said, “Allah has prohibited fighting in Mecca and has given authority to His Apostle and the believers over it, so fighting was illegal for anyone before me, and was made legal for me for a part of a day, and it will not be legal for anyone after me. Its game should not be chased, its thorny bushes should not be uprooted, and picking up its fallen things is not allowed except for one who makes public announcement for it, and he whose relative is murdered has the option either to accept a compensation for it or to retaliate.” Al-‘Abbas (radiallaahu `anhu) said, “Except Al-ldhkhir, for we use it in our graves and houses.” Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said, “Except Al-ldhkhir.” Abu Shah, a Yemenite, stood up and said, “O Allah’s Apostle! Get it written for me.” Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said, “Write it for Abu Shah.” (The sub-narrator asked Al-Auza’i): What did he mean by saying, “Get it written, O Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam)?” He replied, “The speech which he had heard from Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam).”

Volume 3, Book 42, Number 614:
Narrated Ibn ‘Umar (radiallaahu `anhu):
Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said, “An animal should not be milked without the permission of its owner. Does any of you like that somebody comes to his store and breaks his container and takes away his food? The udders of the animals are the stores of their owners where their provision is kept, so nobody should milk the animals of somebody else, without the permission of its owner.”

Volume 3, Book 42, Number 615:
Narrated Zaid bin Khalid Al-Juhani (radiallaahu `anhu):
A man asked Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) about the Luqata. He said, “Make public announcement of it for one year, then remember the description of its container and the string it is tied with, utilize the money, and if its owner comes back after that, give it to him.” The people asked, “O Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam)! What about a lost sheep?” Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said, “Take it, for it is for you, for your brother, or for the wolf.” The man asked, “O Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam)! What about a lost camel?” Allah’s Apostle got angry and his cheeks or face became red, and said, “You have no concern with it as it has its feet, and its water-container, till its owner finds it.”

Volume 3, Book 42, Number 616:
Narrated Suwaid bin Ghafala:
While I as in the company of Salman bin Rabi’a and Suhan, in one of the holy battles, I found a whip. One of them told me to drop it but I refused to do so and said that I would give it to its owner if I found him, otherwise I would utilize it. On our return we performed Hajj and on passing by Medina, I asked Ubai bin Ka’b (radiallaahu `anhu) about it. He said, “I found a bag containing a hundred Dinars in the lifetime of the Prophet and took it to the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) who said to me, ‘Make public announcement about it for one year.’ So, I announced it for one year and went to the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) who said, ‘Announce it publicly for another year.’ So, I announced it for another year. I went to him again and he said, “Announce for an other year.” So I announced for still another year. I went to the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) for the fourth time, and he said, ‘Remember the amount of money, the description of its container and the string it is tied with, and if the owner comes, give it to him; otherwise, utilize it.’ “

Volume 3, Book 42, Number 617:
Narrated Salama:
the above narration (Hadith 616) from Ubai bin Ka’b: adding, “I met the sub-narrator at Mecca later on, but he did not remember whether Ka’b (radiallaahu `anhu) had announced what he had found one year or three years.”

Volume 3, Book 42, Number 618:
Narrated Zaid bin Khalid (radiallaahu `anhu):
A bedouin asked the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) about the Luqata. The Prophet said, “Make public announcement about it for one year and if then somebody comes and describes the container of the Luqata and the string it was tied with, (give it to him); otherwise, spend it.” He then asked the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) about a lost camel. The face of the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) become red and he said, “You have no concern with it as it has its water reservoir and feet and it will reach water and drink and eat trees. Leave it till its owner finds it.” He then asked the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) about a lost sheep. The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said, “It is for you, for your brother, or for the wolf.”

Volume 3, Book 42, Number 619:
Narrated Abu Bakr (radiallaahu `anhu):
While I was on my way, all of a sudden I saw a shepherd driving his sheep, I asked him whose servant he was. He replied that he was the servant of a man from Quraish, and then he mentioned his name and I recognized him. I asked, “Do your sheep have some milk?” He replied in the affirmative. I said, “Are you going to milk for me?” He replied in the affirmative. I ordered him and he tied the legs of one of the sheep. Then I told him to clean the udder (teats) of dust and to remove dust off his hands. He removed the dust off his hands by clapping his hands. He then milked a little milk. I put the milk for Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) in a pot and closed its mouth with a piece of cloth and poured water over it till it became cold. I took it to the Prophet and said, “Drink, O Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam)!” He drank it till I was pleased.

Al-luqtah is property that has gone missing from its owner. This pure religion teaches that property is to be protected and preserved, and that the property of the Muslim is sacred and is to be protected. This includes al-luqtah or lost property.

If property goes missing from its owner, it has to be one of the following three scenarios:

The first scenario: it is something to which most people would not attach much value, such as a whip, or a loaf of bread, or some fruit, or a stick. In these cases, the person who finds the property may keep it and use it without having to announce it, because of the report narrated by Jaabir, who said: “The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) made exceptions in the case of a stick or a whip or a rope that a man picks up.” (Reported by Abu Dawood).

The second scenario: (animals) that are unlikely to be harmed by small predators, either because of their size, such as camels, horses, cattle and mules, or because they can fly, like birds, or because they move swiftly, like gazelles, or because they can defend themselves with their fangs, like leopards. This is the category which it is haraam to keep. These things do not become the property of the finder after he announces it for a year, because when the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) was asked about a lost camel, he said: “What has it got to do with you? It has its water, it can walk to find water and it can eat trees until its owner finds it.” (Agreed upon). ‘Umar said, “Whoever takes a lost animal is misguided” i.e., he is a sinner. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) ruled in this hadeeth that the lost animal should not be taken, it should be left to find its own water and to eat from the trees until its owner comes across it.

This also applies to large implements, such as big pans, wood, iron and anything that can be left alone without getting damaged. Such things can hardly be lost and cannot move from where they are, so it is haraam to take them just as it is haraam to take lost large animals, and in fact it may be more haraam to do so.

The third scenario: any other kind of lost property, such as money, luggage, and any animals that need to be protected from small predators, such as sheep, young camels and calves. If the one who finds them can trust himself not to harm or damage these things, then it is permissible for him to pick them up.

Read more here.

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Quran: 7 Styles of Recitation (Hadith No. 2090)

Bismillah.

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 593:
Narrated ‘Abdullah (radiallaahu `anhu):
I heard a man reciting a verse (of the Holy Qur’an) but I had heard the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) reciting it differently. So, I caught hold of the man by the hand and took him to Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) who said, “Both of you are right.” Shu’ba, the sub-narrator said, “I think he said to them, “Don’t differ, for the nations before you differed and perished (because of their differences). “

The Qur’aan was revealed in one style at the beginning, but the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) kept asking Jibreel until he taught him seven styles, all of which were complete. The evidence for that is the hadeeth of Ibn ‘Abbaas who narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said:

Jibreel taught me one style and I reviewed it until he taught me more, and I kept asking him for more and he gave me more until finally there were seven styles.
(narrated by al-Bukhaari, 3047; Muslim, 819)

What is meant by styles (ahruf, sing. harf)? 

The best of the scholarly opinions concerning what is meant is that there are seven ways of reciting the Qur’aan, where the wording may differ but the meaning is the same; if there is a different meaning then it is by way of variations on a theme, not opposing and contradiction.

Bilal Philips writes that the Qur’an continued to be read according to the seven ahruf until midway through Caliph ‘Uthman’s rule when some confusion arose in the outlying provinces concerning the Qur’an’s recitation. Some Arab tribes had begun to boast about the superiority of their ahruf and a rivalry began to develop. At the same time, some new Muslims also began mixing the various forms of recitation out of ignorance. Caliph ‘Uthman decided to make official copies of the Qur’an according to the writing conventions of the Quraysh and send them along with the Qur’anic reciters to the major centres of Islam. This decision was approved by Sahaabah and all unofficial copies of the Qur’an were destroyed. Uthman burned the unofficial copies of the Quran. Following the distribution of the official copies, all the other ahruf were dropped and the Qur’an began to be read in only one harf. Thus, the Qur’an which is available throughout the world today is written and recited only according to the harf of Quraysh. [Taken from Wikipedia]

The Seven Recitations:

With regard to the seven recitations (al-qiraa’aat al-saba’), this number is not based on the Qur’aan and Sunnah, rather it is the ijtihaad of Ibn Mujaahid (may Allaah have mercy on him). People thought that al-ahruf al-saba’ (the seven styles) were al-qiraa’aat al-saba’ (the seven recitations) because they happened to be the same number. But this number may have come about coincidentally, or it may have been done deliberately by Ibn Mujaahid to match what was narrated about the number of styles (ahruf) being seven. Some people thought that the styles (ahruf) were the recitations, but this is a mistake. No such comment is known among the scholars. The seven recitations are one of the seven styles, and this is the style that ‘Uthmaan chose for all the Muslims.

Read more here.

Still confused? Go through this article as it explains the whole thing in very easy language. :)

No Deception! (Hadith No. 2087)

Bismillah.

Ahadith 2085 – 2086 (below) are repeats. Related posts have been linked.

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 588 :
Narrated by Jabir bin ‘Abdullah (radiallaahu `anhu)
A man pledged that his slave would be manumitted after his death. The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) asked, “Who will buy the slave from me?” No’aim bin ‘Abdullah bought the slave and the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) took its price and gave it to the owner.

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 589 :
Narrated by Jabir (radiallaahu `anhu)
When ‘Abdullah (radiallaahu `anhu) (my father) died, he left behind children and debts. I asked the lenders to put down some of his debt, but they refused, so I went to the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) to intercede with them, yet they refused. The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said (to me), “Classify your dates into their different kinds: ‘Adhq bin Zaid, Lean and ‘Ajwa, each kind alone and call all the creditors and wait till I come to you.” I did so and the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) came and sat beside the dates and started measuring to each his due till he paid them fully, and the amount of dates remained as it was before, as if he had not touched them. (On another occasion) I took part in one of Ghazawat among with the Prophet and I was riding one of our camels. The camel got tired and was lagging behind the others. The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) hit it on its back. He said, “Sell it to me, and you have the right to ride it till Medina.” When we approached Medina, I took the permission from the Prophet to go to my house, saying, “O Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam)! I have newly married.” The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) asked, “Have you married a virgin or a matron (a widow or divorcee)?” I said, “I have married a matron, as ‘Abdullah (my father) died and left behind daughters small in their ages, so I married a matron who may teach them and bring them up with good manners.” The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) then said (to me), “Go to your family.” When I went there and told my maternal uncle about the selling of the camel, he admonished me for it. On that I told him about its slowness and exhaustion and about what the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) had done to the camel and his hitting it. When the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) arrived, I went to him with the camel in the morning and he gave me its price, the camel itself, and my share from the war booty as he gave the other people.

Today’s Hadith:

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 590 :
Narrated by Ibn ‘Umar (radiallaahu `anhu)
A man came to the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) and said, “I am often betrayed in bargaining.” The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) advised him, “When you buy something, say (to the seller), ‘No deception.” The man used to say so afterwards.

So reminding the person of Allah’s laws right in the middle of a transaction might help reduce the risk of being cheated.

The Right to Buy Back (Hadith No. 2084)

Bismillah.

Ahadith 2072 – 2083 (below) are repeats. Related posts have been linked.

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 575 :
Narrated by Abu Huraira (radiallaahu `anhu)
A man demanded his debts from Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) in such a rude manner that the companions of the Prophet intended to harm him, but the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said, “Leave him, no doubt, for he (the creditor) has the right to demand it (harshly). Buy a camel and give it to him.” They said, “The camel that is available is older than the camel he demands. “The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said, “Buy it and give it to him, for the best among you are those who repay their debts handsomely. “

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 576 :
Narrated by Hudhaifa (radiallaahu `anhu)
I heard the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) saying, “Once a man died and was asked, ‘What did you use to say (or do) (in your life time)?’ He replied, ‘I was a business-man and used to give time to the rich to repay his debt and (used to) deduct part of the debt of the poor.‘ So he was forgiven (his sins.)” Abu Masud said, “I heard the same (Hadith) from the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam).”

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 577 :
Narrated by Abu Huraira (radiallaahu `anhu)
A man came to the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) and demanded a camel (the Prophet owed him). Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) told his companions to give him (a camel). They said, “We do not find except an older camel (than what he demands). (The Prophet ordered them to give him that camel). The man said, “You have paid me in full and may Allah also pay you in full.” Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said, “Give him, for the best amongst the people is he who repays his debts in the most handsome manner.”

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 578 :
Narrated by Abu Huraira (radiallaahu `anhu)
The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) owed a camel of a certain age to a man who came to demand it back. The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) ordered his companions to give him. They looked for a camel of the same age but found nothing but a camel one year older. The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) told them to give it to him. The man said, “You have paid me in full, and may Allah pay you in full.” The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said, “The best amongst you is he who pays his debts in the most handsome manner.”

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 579 :
Narrated by Jabir bin Abdullah (radiallaahu `anhu)
I went to the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) while he was in the Mosque. (Mis’ar thinks, that Jabir went in the forenoon.) After the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) told me to pray two Rakat, he repayed me the debt he owed me and gave me an extra amount.

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 580 :
Narrated by Jabir bin ‘Abdullah (radiallaahu `anhu)
My father was martyred on the day (of the battle) of Uhud, and he was in debt. His creditors demanded their rights persistently. I went to the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) (and informed him about it). He told them to take the fruits of my garden and exempt my father from the debts but they refused to do so. So, the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) did not give them my garden and told me that he would come to me the next morning. He came to us early in the morning and wandered among the datepalms and invoked Allah to bless their fruits. I then plucked the dates and paid the creditors, and there remained some of the dates for us.

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 581 :
Narrated by Jabir bin ‘Abdullah (radiallaahu `anhu)
When my father died he owed a Jew thirty Awsuq (of dates). I requested him to give me respite for repaying but he refused. I requested Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) to intercede with the Jew. Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) went to the Jew and asked him to accept the fruits of my trees in place of the debt but the Jew refused. Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) entered the garden of the date-palms, wandering among the trees and ordered me (saying), “Pluck (the fruits) and give him his due.” So, I plucked the fruits for him after the departure of Allah’s Apostle and gave his thirty Awsuq, and still had seventeen Awsuq extra for myself. Jabir said: I went to Allah’s Apostle to inform of what had happened, but found him praying the ‘Asr prayer. After the prayer I told him about the extra fruits which remained. Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) told me to inform (Umar) Ibn Al-Khatab (radiallaahu `anhu) about it. When I went to ‘Umar and told him about it, ‘Umar (radiallaahu `anhu) said, “When Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) walked in your garden, I was sure that Allah would definitely bless it.”

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 582 :
Narrated by ‘Aisha (radiallaahu `anhaa)
Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) used to invoke Allah in the prayer saying, “O Allah, I seek refuge with you from all sins, and from being in debt.” Someone said, O Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam)! (I see you) very often you seek refuge with Allah from being in debt. He replied, “If a person is in debt, he tells lies when he speaks, and breaks his promises when he promises.”

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 583 :
Narrated by Abu Huraira (radiallaahu `anhu)
The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said, “If someone leaves some property, it will be for the inheritors, and if he leaves some weak offspring, it will be for us to support them.“

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 584 :
Narrated by Abu Huraira (radiallaahu `anhu)
The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said, “I am closer to the believers than their selves in this world and in the Hereafter, and if you like, you can read Allah’s Statement: “The Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) is closer to the believers than their own selves.” (33.6) So, if a true believer dies and leaves behind some property, it will be for his inheritors (from the father’s side), and if he leaves behind some debt to be paid or needy offspring, then they should come to me as I am the guardian of the deceased.”

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 585 :
Narrated by Abu Huraira (radiallaahu `anhu)
Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said, “Procrastination (delay) in repaying debts by a wealthy person is injustice.“

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 586 :
Narrated by Abu Huraira (radiallaahu `anhu)
A man came to the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) and demanded his debts and used harsh words. The companions of the Prophet wanted to harm him, but the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said, “Leave him, as the creditor (owner of the right) has the right to speak.”

Today’s Hadith:

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 587 :
Narrated by Abu Huraira (radiallaahu `anhu)
Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said, “If a man finds his very things with a bankrupt, he has more right to take them back than anyone else.”

To my understanding, this hadith talks about a scenario where A sold something to B and the transaction went smooth. After some time, B went bankrupt and now wants to sell some of his stuff to make money. Provided that A finds his things as they were when he sold them to B, he has more right to buy them back than anyone else. So it is upon B to make sure he gives A first priority when it comes to his things.

Seek Refuge from Debt! [Du`aas Included] (Ahadith 2070 – 2071)

Bismillah.

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 573 :
Narrated by Abu Dhar (radiallaahu `anhu)
Once, while I was in the company of the Prophet (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam), he saw the mountain of Uhud and said, “I would not like to have this mountain turned into gold for me unless nothing of it, not even a single Dinar remains of it with me for more than three days (i.e. I will spend all of it in Allah’s Cause), except that Dinar which I will keep for repaying debts.” Then he said, “Those who are rich in this world would have little reward in the Hereafter except those who spend their money here and there (in Allah’s Cause), and they are few in number.” Then he ordered me to stay at my place and went not far away. I heard a voice and intended to go to him but I remembered his order, “Stay at your place till I return.” On his return I said, “O Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam)! (What was) that noise which I heard?” He said, “Did you hear anything?” I said, “Yes.” He said, “Gabriel came and said to me, ‘Whoever amongst your followers dies, worshipping none along with Allah, will enter Paradise.’ ” I said, “Even if he did such-and-such things (i.e. even if he stole or committed illegal sexual intercourse)” He said, “Yes.”

Volume 3, Book 41, Number 574 :
Narrated by Abu Huraira (radiallaahu `anhu)
Allah’s Apostle (sallallaahu `alayhi wasallam) said, “If I had gold equal to the mountain of Uhud, it would not please me that it should remain with me for more than three days, except an amount which I would keep for repaying debts.”

Allah says in the Quran:

إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْمُرُكُمْ أَن تُؤَدُّوا الْأَمَانَاتِ إِلَىٰ أَهْلِهَا

“Verily, Allah commands that you should render back the trusts to those, to whom they are due.” [4:58]

Ibn Katheer comments:

Allah commands that the trusts be returned to their rightful owners. Al-Hasan narrated that Samurah said that the Messenger of Allah said,

«أَدِّ الْأَمَانَةَ إِلى مَنِ ائْتَمَنَكَ، وَلَا تَخُنْ مَنْ خَانَك»

(Return the trust to those who entrusted you, and do not betray those who betrayed you.) Imam Ahmad and the collectors of Sunan recorded this Hadith. This command refers to all things that one is expected to look after, such as Allah’s rights on His servants: praying, Zakah, fasting, penalties for sins, vows and so forth. The command also includes the rights of the servants on each other, such as what they entrust each other with, including the cases that are not recorded or documented. Allah commands that all types of trusts be fulfillled. Those who do not implement this command in this life, it will be extracted from them on the Day of Resurrection. It is recorded in the Sahih that the Messenger of Allah said,

«لَتُؤَدَّنَّ الْحُقُوقُ إِلى أَهْلِهَا حَتَّى يُقْتَصَّ لِلشَّاةِ الْجَمَّاءِ مِنَ الْقَرْنَاء»

(The rights will be rendered back to those to whom they are due, and even the sheep that does not have horns will take revenge from the horned sheep.)

Seek refuge from debt!

It was narrated from ‘Aa’ishah (may Allaah be pleased with her) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) used to say in his prayer: “Allaahumma inni a’oodhi bika min al-ma’tham wa’l-maghram (O Allaah, I seek refuge with You from sin and heavy debt).” Someone said to him: “How often you seek refuge from heavy debt!” He said: “When a man gets into debt, he speak and tells lies, and he makes a promise and breaks it.” Narrated by al-Bukhaari (832) and Muslim (589).

In the Sunnah there are a number of du’aa’s which specifically seek the help of Allaah in praying off debts. They are:

1 – It was narrated that Suhayl said: Abu Saalih used to tell us, when one of us wanted to sleep, to lie down on his right side and say:

“Allaahumma Rabb al-samawaati wa’l-ard wa Rabb al-‘arsh il-‘azeem, Rabbaanaa wa Rabba kulli shay’in, Faaliq al-habb wa’l-nawa wa munzil al-Tawraati wa’l-Injeeli wa’l-Furqaan, a’oodhu bika min sharri kulli shay’in anta aakhidhun bi naasiyatihi. Allaahumma anta al-awwal fa laysa qablaka shay’un, wa anta al-aakhir fa laysa ba’daka shay’un, wa anta al-zaahir fa laysa fawqaka shay’un wa anta al-baatin fa laysa doonaka shay’un. Iqdi ‘annaa al-dayna wa aghninaa min al-faqri (O Allaah, Lord of the seven heavens and the exalted Throne, our Lord and Lord of all things, splitter of the seed and the date-stone, Revealer of the Tawraat and the Injeel and the Furqaan [Qur’aan], I seek refuge in You from the evil of all things You shall seize by the forelock [have total mastery over]. O Allaah, You are the First so there is nothing before You, and You are the Last so there is nothing after You. You are al-Zaahir [the greatest and highest] so there is nothing above You, and You are al-Baatin [aware of the subtlest secrets] so there is nothing closer than You. Settle our debt for us and spare us from poverty).”

He narrated that from Abu Hurayrah, from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him). Narrated by Muslim (2713).

اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّ السَّمَاوَاتِ والأرضِ وَرَبَّ الْعَرْشِ الْعَظِيمِ، رَبَّنَا وَرَبَّ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ، فَالِقَ الْحَبِّ وَالنَّوَى، وَمُنْزِلَ التَّوْرَاةِ وَالْإِنجِيلِ، وَالْفُرْقَانِ، أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ أّنْتَ آخِذٌ بِنَاصِيَتهِ. اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ الأَوَّلُ فَلَيْسَ قَبْلَكَ شَيْءٌ، وَأَنْتَ الْآخِرُ فَلَيْسَ بَعْدَكَ شَيْءٌ، وَأَنْتَ الظَّاهِرُ فَلَيْسَ فَوْقَكَ شَيْءٌ، وَأَنْتَ الْبَاطِنُ فَلَيْسَ دُونَكَ شَيْءٌ، اقْضِ عَنَّا الدَّيْنَ وَأَغْنِنَا مِنَ الْفَقْرِ

2 – It was narrated from ‘Ali (may Allaah be pleased with him) that a mukaatib (slave who had entered into a contract of manumission) came to him and said: “I am unable to pay off my manumission; help me.” He said: “Shall I not tell you some words which the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) taught me? And if you have debt like the mountain of Seer, Allaah will pay it off for you. He said: ‘Say: Allaahumma akfini bi halaalika ‘an haraamika wa aghnini bi fadlika ‘amman siwaaka (O Allaah, suffice me with what You have permitted so that that I have no need of that which You have forbidden, and make me independent of means by Your bounty so that I have no need of anyone besides You).’”

Narrated by al-Tirmidhi (2563) who said: This is a hasan ghareeb hadeeth. It was also classed as hasan by al-Albaani in Saheeh al-Tirmidhi.

3 – It was narrated that Abu Sa’eed al-Khudri (may Allaah be pleased with him) said:

The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) entered the mosque and saw an Ansaari man whose name was Abu Umaamah. He said: “O Abu Umaamah, why do I see you sitting in the mosque when it is not the time for prayer? He said: Worries and debts, O Messenger of Allaah. He said: “Shall I not teach you some words which, if you say them, Allaah will take away your worries and pay off your debts?” He said: Yes, O Messenger of Allaah. He said:

“Say, morning and evening, ‘“Allaahumma inni a’oodhu bika min al-hammi wa’l-hazani, wa a’oodhi bika min al-‘ajzi wa’l-kasali, wa a’oodhu bika min al-jubni wa’l-bukhli, wa a’oodhi bika min ghalabat il-dayn wa qahri al-rijaal (O Allaah, I seek refuge with You from worry and grief, and I seek refuge with You from incapacity and laziness, and I seek refuge with You from cowardice and miserliness, and I seek refuge with You from being heavily in debt and from being overcome by men).”

He said; I did that, and Allaah took away my worry and paid off my debt.

Narrated by Abu Dawood (1555). Its isnaad includes Ghassaan ibn ‘Awf; al-Dhahabi said: he is not strong. Hence Shaykh al-Albaani classed the hadeeth as weak in Da’eef Abi Dawood. But the du’aa’ mentioned – “Allaahumma inni a’oodhu bika min al-hammi wa’l-hazani…” – is proven in al-Saheehayn in a report other than this story of Abu Umaamah.

Taken from IslamQA.